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EC Number

215-185-5

Molecular Weight

40.00 g/mol

Purity

Solid: 96% - 99.99%(upto 4N)
Liquid: 30% - 50%

Packaging

25 / 500 / 1000 / 1500kg bags
1000 ltr IBC

MOQ

1 T.E.U. (FCL)

Customization (incl. but not limited to)

for Grades / Forms / Specifications / Properties / Packaging available on request

Common Names

Caustic soda / Lye

Appearance ; Odor

White / Opaque / Crystalline ;
Odorless

Industrial Category ; Chemical Class

Glass Manufacturing / Detergent & Soap Manufacturing / Chemical Processing /
Water Treatment / Textile Processing / Pulp & Paper / Metallurgical Processing /
Cleaning & Industrial Maintenance / Food Additive (E500) / Pharmaceutical Excipient / Buffering Agent / pH Regulator / Alkali Builder / Fluxing Agent ;
Inorganic Alkali Salt / Carbonate / Sodium Salt

Forms

Crystals / Flakes / Pellets / Aqs

IUPAC Name

Sodium Hydroxide

Product Overview

A highly versatile and essential inorganic alkali, this product is manufactured across a broad spectrum of grades to meet diverse industrial, commercial, and specialty requirements. Standard technical and industrial variants (96–99%) are widely utilized in applications such as pulp and paper processing, textiles, detergents, and water treatment. Advanced production routes, including membrane cell technology, ensure low salt content and superior purity, while diaphragm-based variants provide cost-effective solutions for less sensitive applications. Specialized forms tailored for the rayon and textile sectors offer controlled levels of iron and chloride, ensuring consistent performance in fiber production and processing environments.

For more demanding applications, high-purity and specialty grades are available to comply with stringent regulatory and quality standards. Food-grade variants conform to international specifications such as FCC and FDA, making them suitable for food processing and related industries. Pharmaceutical grades, adhering to USP and EP standards, deliver exceptional purity (up to 99.99%) for critical formulations and medical applications. Laboratory and reagent grades (AR quality) are designed for analytical and research purposes, offering precise composition and reliability. This comprehensive grade portfolio ensures adaptability across sectors, delivering consistent quality, performance, and compliance for both routine and high-precision uses.

Grades | Category | Solutions

Industrial & Commercial Grades
  • Technical / Industrial Grade (96–99%)
  • Membrane Grade (Low salt, high purity)
  • Diaphragm Grade (Older process)
  • Rayon Grade (Low iron & chloride)
High Purity & Specialty Grades
  • Food Grade (FCC/FDA, >99%)
  • Pharmaceutical Grade (USP/EP, 99.0–99.99%)
  • Laboratory / Reagent Grade (AR, >99%)

Our Caustic Soda grades are manufactured to meet strict industrial and regulatory standards, ensuring consistent quality across diverse applications.

Grade NaOH (%) Key Impurities Form Applications / Industries
Technical / Industrial 96 – 99% Na₂CO₃: 0.5–1.5%
NaCl: 0.1–1.0%
Fe: 20–50 ppm
Flakes / Lye Water treatment, pulp & paper, soap & detergents, textiles,
chemical manufacturing, alumina refining, petroleum refining
Membrane Grade ≥ 99% NaCl: 50–100 ppm
Na₂SO₄: 20–50 ppm
Fe: 5–20 ppm
Flakes / Lye High-purity chemicals, textiles, dyes & intermediates,
electronics, specialty chemicals, pharmaceutical intermediates
Diaphragm Grade 94 – 98% NaCl: 1–2%
Na₂CO₃: 1–2%
Fe: 50–100 ppm
Lye General chemicals, cleaning agents, wastewater treatment,
pulp processing, oil & gas neutralization
Food Grade (FCC/FDA) ≥ 99% Heavy metals: 1–10 ppm
NaCl: 50–150 ppm
Fe: 1–10 ppm
Flakes / Pearls Food processing, beverage industry, cocoa processing,
fruit & vegetable peeling, edible oil refining, sugar processing
Pharmaceutical Grade (USP/EP) 99.0 – 100.5% Heavy metals: 0.5–5 ppm
NaCl: 20–100 ppm
Fe: 0.5–5 ppm
Pellets / Lye Pharmaceutical manufacturing, APIs, biotech processing,
laboratory reagents, high-purity synthesis
Rayon Grade ~99% Fe: 5–20 ppm
NaCl: 50–150 ppm
Na₂CO₃: 0.2–0.8%
Lye Viscose rayon, textile fibers, cellulose processing,
film production, specialty fabrics
Laboratory / Reagent (AR) ≥ 99% Heavy metals: <1 ppm
NaCl: 10–50 ppm
Fe: <1 ppm
Pellets / Flakes Analytical labs, R&D, chemical testing,
academic research, quality control labs

Product Specifications

Our caustic soda grades are tested using ASTM, ISO, and pharmacopeial standards to ensure consistent purity, alkalinity, and performance across industrial, food, pharmaceutical, and laboratory applications.

Parameter Method Specification
Appearance Visual Inspection White flakes / pearls / pellets or clear liquid (lye)
NaOH Assay ASTM E291 – Acid-Base Titration Industrial / Tech (IG): 96 – 99%
Membrane Grade: ≥ 99%
Diaphragm Grade: 98 – 99%
Rayon Grade: ≥ 99%
Food Grade (FCC/FDA): ≥ 99%
Pharma (USP/EP): 99.0 – 99.99%
Lab / AR: ≥ 99%
Sodium Carbonate (Na₂CO₃) ASTM E359 – Carbonate Determination by Titration Industrial: ≤ 1.5%
Membrane Grade: ≤ 0.5%
Food / Pharma: ≤ 0.4%
Chloride (Cl⁻) ASTM E291 – Silver Nitrate Titration Membrane Grade: ≤ 0.02%
Diaphragm Grade: ≤ 1.0%
Rayon Grade: ≤ 0.01%
Pharma / AR: ≤ 0.01%
Iron (Fe) ASTM E1479 – ICP-OES Analysis Industrial: ≤ 50 ppm
Rayon Grade: ≤ 10 ppm
Pharma / AR: ≤ 5 ppm
Heavy Metals (as Pb) USP <231> / ICP-OES Food Grade: ≤ 10 ppm
Pharma Grade: ≤ 5 ppm
Silicate (SiO₂) ASTM D859 – Silica Determination Diaphragm Grade: ≤ 0.02%
Membrane Grade: Trace levels
pH (1% Solution) ASTM E70 – pH Measurement ≥ 13 (Strongly Alkaline)
Density (Liquid – 50% Solution) ASTM D1475 – Density Measurement 1.50 – 1.53 g/cm³
Solubility ASTM E1148 – Solubility Test Highly soluble in water with exothermic reaction
Mercury (Hg) ICP-MS Analysis Membrane Grade: Not detectable
Diaphragm Grade: Trace (process dependent)
Residue on Ignition USP <281> Pharma Grade: ≤ 0.1%
AR Grade: ≤ 0.05%

Physical & Chemical Properties

Property Industrial Grade Membrane Grade Food Grade Pharma / Reagent Grade
Appearance White solid / clear liquid White flakes / clear solution White, odorless solid Ultra-pure white solid
NaOH Purity (%) 96 – 99% ≥ 99% ≥ 99% 99.0 – 100.5%
Physical Form Flakes / Lye Flakes / Lye Flakes / Pearls Pellets / Flakes
Melting Point (°C) 318 – 320 318 – 320 318 – 320 318 – 320
Boiling Point (°C) ~1388 ~1388 ~1388 ~1388
Density (g/cm³) 2.10 – 2.13 2.12 – 2.13 2.12 – 2.13 2.13
pH (1% Solution) 13 – 14 13 – 14 13 – 14 13 – 14
Solubility in Water Highly soluble (111 g/100 ml @20°C) Highly soluble Highly soluble Highly soluble
Hygroscopic Nature Highly hygroscopic Highly hygroscopic Highly hygroscopic Highly hygroscopic
Carbonate Content (Na₂CO₃) 0.5 – 1.5% 0.1 – 0.5% 0.05 – 0.2% <0.05%
Chloride Content (NaCl) 0.1 – 1.0% 50 – 100 ppm 50 – 150 ppm 10 – 50 ppm

Technical / Industrial

Standard grade used in large-scale industrial applications where ultra-high purity is not critical.

  • Cost-effective bulk chemical grade
  • Used in textiles, pulp & paper, and chemicals
  • Suitable for general processing needs

Key Benefits: Economical, versatile, and widely applicable across industries.

Membrane Grade (MG)

High-purity product obtained via membrane cell technology, ensuring low salt and impurity levels.

  • Low sodium chloride content
  • High chemical purity
  • Consistent quality for sensitive applications

Key Benefits: Superior purity, reduced contamination, and reliable performance.

Diaphragm Grade (DG)

Produced using diaphragm cell technology, typically containing higher salt content than membrane grade.

  • Moderate purity with residual salt
  • Cost-efficient manufacturing route
  • Used in bulk industrial applications

Key Benefits: Cost-effective, suitable for large-scale use, and widely available.

Food Grade
(FCC / FDA)

High-purity grade compliant with food safety standards, suitable for food processing and related applications.

  • Meets FCC and FDA regulations
  • Low heavy metals and impurities
  • Used in food processing and cleaning

Key Benefits: Safe for food applications, regulatory compliance, and high purity.

Pharmaceutical Grade
(USP / EP)

Ultra-high purity grade meeting pharmacopeia standards for use in pharmaceutical manufacturing.

  • Complies with USP and EP standards
  • Very low impurity profile
  • Used in drug formulation and processing

Key Benefits: Highest purity, strict quality control, and suitability for pharma use.

Rayon Grade (RG)

Specialized grade designed for viscose rayon production, requiring controlled purity and consistency.

  • Low iron and heavy metal content
  • Consistent chemical composition
  • Optimized for fiber production

Key Benefits: High fiber quality, process stability, and reduced defects.

Laboratory / Reagent
(AR)

Analytical reagent grade designed for laboratory testing, research, and analytical applications.

  • High purity for analytical accuracy
  • Meets AR/ACS standards
  • Used in research and quality control labs

Key Benefits: Reliable results, high precision, and consistent lab performance.

Safety & Handling

Storage Guidelines:
  • - Store in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated area away from moisture and humidity
  • - Keep containers tightly sealed to prevent absorption of carbon dioxide and moisture
  • - Protect from exposure to air to avoid degradation and contamination
  • - Avoid contact with acids, metals, and incompatible substances
  • - Store different grades separately to maintain purity and prevent cross-contamination
Required PPE:
  • - Chemical-resistant gloves (PVC, neoprene, or nitrile)
  • - Safety goggles and face shields to prevent severe eye damage
  • - Protective clothing including aprons or suits for bulk handling
  • - Respiratory protection in environments with dust or mist formation
Handling Precautions:
  • - Avoid direct contact with skin, eyes, and clothing
  • - Use enclosed systems and automated handling wherever possible
  • - Add product slowly to water (never reverse) to control exothermic reactions
  • - Ensure proper ventilation and use of local exhaust systems
  • - Avoid generation and inhalation of dust or aerosols
  • - Maintain strict hygiene and emergency washing facilities in handling areas

Safety Data Sheets (SDS) are available upon request, providing detailed information on safe handling practices, exposure limits, and regulatory compliance.

Packaging & Transportation

Caustic soda is supplied in multiple physical forms including flakes, pearls, pellets, and liquid solutions, with packaging tailored to ensure safety, stability, and ease of handling across industrial applications. Packaging systems are designed to prevent moisture absorption, contamination, and ensure compatibility with corrosive properties.

Packaging Options:
  • HDPE Bags / Laminated Bags: Typically 25 kg bags for flakes, pearls, and solid forms
  • FIBC / Jumbo Bags: 500–1500 kg bulk packaging for large industrial consumption
  • Drums: HDPE or MS drums for smaller volume solid or semi-solid supply
  • Liquid Form: Supplied as caustic lye (30–50%) in tankers, drums, or IBC tanks
  • Pearl & Flake Grades: Moisture-resistant packaging to maintain product integrity
  • Low-Iron / Specialty Grades: Controlled packaging to preserve purity standards
  • Customized Packaging: Available based on export and application-specific requirements
Palletization & Export Packing:
  • - Bags palletized on wooden or plastic pallets (ISPM-15 compliant)
  • - Typically 40–50 bags per pallet depending on configuration
  • - Stretch-wrapped and securely strapped to prevent shifting
  • - Use of moisture barriers and liners for extended storage
  • - Proper labeling with grade, batch number, and hazard warnings
Container Loading & Handling:
  • - Loaded into 20 ft / 40 ft containers as per global safety standards
  • - Even weight distribution to maintain transport stability
  • - Use of corrosion-resistant handling equipment where required
  • - Pre-dispatch inspection ensures packaging and safety compliance
Transportation & Logistics:
  • - Classified as hazardous (corrosive) material under transport regulations
  • - Suitable for road, rail, and sea freight with proper handling protocols
  • - Requires compliance with hazardous material transportation guidelines
  • - Documentation support including COA, SDS, and regulatory declarations
  • - Full traceability maintained for quality and safety assurance

Flexible and compliant logistics solutions are provided to meet both domestic and international industrial supply requirements.

Recycling & Sustainability

Caustic soda plays a vital role in sustainable industrial operations, supporting resource efficiency, waste treatment, and environmentally responsible manufacturing processes across multiple sectors.

  • - Widely used in water and wastewater treatment for pH regulation and neutralization
  • - Supports recycling processes in paper, textiles, and aluminum industries
  • - Enables cleaner production in pulp & paper and chemical manufacturing
  • - Essential in biodiesel production and renewable energy processes
  • - Facilitates removal of acidic pollutants in industrial emissions
  • - Contributes to process optimization and reduced environmental impact
  • - Highly efficient and recyclable within controlled industrial systems
Sodium Hydroxide
Sodium Hydroxide Chemical Formula